Cyber Security Pakistan

So, does cybersecurity require coding? It does 90%, but, 10% does not involve coding.

Below are all cybersecurity terminologies you need to know. Cyber Security Terminology Starting from A Term Definition Access Control Ensures that system resources are only accessible to authorized users, preventing unauthorized access. Access Control List (ACL) A tool used to enforce access restrictions on a system by listing the users or entities authorized to access specific resources. Advanced Persistent Threat (APT) Stealthy threat actors that gain unauthorized access to computer networks and remain undetected for extended periods to steal data. Adware Software that automatically displays or downloads advertising material, often bundled with free applications. AI Security Protection of AI systems from cyber threats, data poisoning attacks, and ensuring ethical AI implementation. Antivirus Software designed to detect, prevent, and remove malware from computer systems. Application Security Security measures implemented at the application level to prevent data or code theft within the application. ARP Spoofing Technique where an attacker sends falsified ARP messages to link their MAC address with a legitimate IP address. Asymmetric Cryptography Cryptographic system using pairs of keys – public and private keys for secure communication. Attack Vector Path or means by which a hacker can gain access to a computer or network server to deliver malicious payload. Authentication Process of verifying the identity of a user, process, or device before granting access to resources. Authorization Process of giving someone permission to do or have something within a system after authentication. Cyber Security Terminology Starting from B Term Definition Backdoor Method of bypassing normal authentication in a system, often installed by malware for persistent access. Biometrics Security process that relies on unique biological characteristics like fingerprints or facial recognition for authentication. Black Hat Hacker Hacker who violates computer security for personal gain or malicious purposes. Blockchain Security Comprehensive risk management system for blockchain networks ensuring transaction integrity and security. Botnet Network of private computers infected with malicious software and controlled as a group without owners’ knowledge. Brute Force Attack Cryptographic attack that tries all possible combinations until correct one is found, commonly used in password cracking. Buffer Overflow Anomaly where a program writes data beyond the allocated buffer, potentially allowing execution of malicious code. Bug Bounty Monetary reward given to ethical hackers for successfully discovering and reporting vulnerabilities. Business Email Compromise (BEC) Sophisticated scam targeting businesses working with foreign suppliers and/or businesses regularly performing wire transfer payments. Cyber Security Terminology Starting from C Term Definition Cloud Security Set of policies, controls, and technologies protecting cloud-based systems, data, and infrastructure. Cryptography Practice of secure communication in presence of third parties using mathematical techniques. Cyber Forensics Application of investigation techniques to gather evidence from digital devices for legal purposes. CAPTCHA Test to determine whether the user is human, preventing automated bot attacks. Cipher Algorithm for performing encryption or decryption of data to ensure confidentiality. Clickjacking Malicious technique of tricking users into clicking something different from what they perceive. Cloud Access Security Broker (CASB) Security policy enforcement points between cloud service consumers and providers. Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) Security vulnerability typically found in web applications allowing injection of malicious scripts. Cryptojacking Unauthorized use of someone’s computer to mine cryptocurrency without their knowledge. Cyber Insurance Insurance product designed to help businesses hedge against the potentially devastating effects of cyber attacks. Cyber Security Terminology Starting from D Term Definition Data Breach Security incident where sensitive, protected or confidential data is copied, transmitted, viewed, stolen or used by unauthorized individual. DDoS Attack Distributed Denial of Service attack using multiple compromised systems to target a single system causing denial of service. Decryption Process of converting encrypted data back to its original form using a decryption key. Digital Certificate Electronic password allowing organizations to exchange data securely over internet using public key infrastructure. Digital Signature Mathematical scheme for verifying authenticity of digital messages or documents. DNS Spoofing Attack where DNS records are altered to redirect traffic to fraudulent sites for malicious purposes. Data Loss Prevention (DLP) Strategy for ensuring end users do not send sensitive or critical information outside the corporate network. Dark Web Monitoring Surveillance of dark web for stolen credentials and organizational data that may have been compromised. Digital Forensics Process of uncovering and interpreting electronic data for use in legal proceedings. Cyber Security Terminology Starting from E Term Definition Encryption Process of converting information or data into code, especially to prevent unauthorized access. Endpoint Security Approach to protecting corporate networks when accessed via remote devices like laptops and mobile devices. Ethical Hacking Authorized practice of bypassing system security to identify potential threats and vulnerabilities. Exploit Piece of software or sequence of commands that takes advantage of a bug or vulnerability to cause unintended behavior. EDR (Endpoint Detection and Response) Security solution that continuously monitors end-user devices to detect and respond to cyber threats. Encryption Key Random string of bits created specifically to scramble and unscramble data in cryptographic algorithms. Enterprise Security Overall cybersecurity strategy that protects an organization’s infrastructure, data, and applications from cyber threats. Cyber Security Terminology Starting from F Term Definition Firewall Network security system monitoring incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predetermined security rules. Firmware Permanent software programmed into read-only memory that provides low-level control for device’s specific hardware. Fileless Malware Malicious software that operates in memory without writing files to disk, making detection difficult. Fraud Detection Process of monitoring and analyzing user activity to detect fraudulent behavior and prevent financial losses. FIDO2 (Fast Identity Online) Strong, passwordless authentication standard for web authentication using public key cryptography. Cyber Security Terminology Starting from G Term Definition GDPR Compliance Adherence to General Data Protection Regulation for data privacy and security in European Union. Gray Hat Hacker Hacker who may violate ethical standards but without malicious intent, often reporting vulnerabilities. Governance, Risk and Compliance (GRC) Integrated approach to aligning IT with business objectives while managing risk and meeting compliance requirements. Cyber Security Terminology Starting from H Term Definition Honeypot Decoy system designed to lure cyberattackers and study their methods while protecting real systems. HTTPS Secure version of HTTP using SSL/TLS encryption for secure

The VMSA-2025-0013 advisory released by VMware (Broadcom) on July 15, 2025, is one of the most severe alerts the virtualization industry has seen in recent years. It highlights four major vulnerabilities affecting VMware ESXi, Workstation Pro, Fusion, VMware Tools, Cloud Foundation, vSphere Foundation, and other related platforms—systems powering thousands of enterprise and cloud infrastructures worldwide. Let’s explore what VMSA-2025-0013 is, why it matters, and how IdealSolutions helps organizations mitigate risks through timely cybersecurity action. VMSA-2025-0013 Overview: What Does It Mean? VMSA-2025-0013 is VMware’s official security advisory addressing four vulnerabilities that could allow VM Escape—where a hacker breaks out of a virtual machine and gains control over the host system. Each of these vulnerabilities carries a CVSSv3 score as high as 9.3, placing them in the critical severity range. That means exploitation could lead to remote code execution, memory corruption, and data exposure—essentially turning a single compromised VM into a full-scale infrastructure breach. In simple terms, this advisory warns: “A single weak link inside your virtual environment can give an attacker control over your entire host.” Protect Your VMware Systems from VMSA-2025-0013 Risks Don’t wait for a breach to happen. Get expert-level help from IdealSolutions to patch, secure, and monitor your VMware infrastructure before attackers strike. 📞 Call Now: +92 331 2721327 VMSA-2025-0013 Vulnerabilities Explained The advisory lists four CVEs, each exposing a different component within the VMware ecosystem:CVE IDVulnerability TypeComponent AffectedSeverity (CVSSv3)CVE-2025-41236Integer OverflowVMXNET3 Virtual Network Adapter9.3 (Critical)CVE-2025-41237Integer UnderflowVMCI (Communication Interface)9.3 (Critical)CVE-2025-41238Heap OverflowPVSCSI (SCSI Controller)9.3 (Critical)CVE-2025-41239Information DisclosurevSockets7.1 (Important) All three overflow vulnerabilities (CVE-41236, 41237, 41238) allow remote code execution on the host. The fourth (CVE-41239) causes information leakage through uninitialized memory. IdealSolutions strongly advises that all organizations apply the VMware patches immediately, since no alternative mitigations currently exist. How VMSA-2025-0013 Impacts VMware Environments The advisory affects a wide range of VMware products, including ESXi, Workstation, Fusion, and Cloud Foundation, making it a cross-environment threat.This means both enterprise datacenters and cloud platforms running VMware’s virtualization stack are exposed. In technical terms: Think of it like a locked house with a broken window—your firewall might be strong, but these vulnerabilities give attackers a hidden way in. Severity Analysis: Why Is VMSA-2025-0013 Considered Critical? According to VMware’s own scoring and third-party validation (Tenable, Rapid7, HPE, and others): This combination makes VMSA-2025-0013 a multi-layer exploit risk, affecting compute, network, and storage virtualization simultaneously—something rarely seen in a single advisory. VM Escape: The Core Threat in VMSA-2025-0013 The most alarming aspect is the potential for VM Escape. This is when an attacker moves from a guest operating system to the hypervisor layer—bypassing all isolation barriers.In previous years, such vulnerabilities were limited to lab experiments. Now, VMSA-2025-0013 proves they’re a practical reality. At IdealSolutions, our penetration testers simulate such hypervisor-level exploits to ensure organizations can detect and contain such breaches before real attackers do. Attack Vectors and Exploitation Scenarios Each CVE has its own entry vector: What makes them dangerous is that all three critical CVEs can escalate to remote code execution, enabling an attacker to compromise not just the VM—but the host and every virtual machine running on it. Patch Timeline and Immediate Action VMware released the official patches on July 15, 2025, right after disclosure.There are no known workarounds. Patching is mandatory.Organizations using ESXi, Workstation, Fusion, or Cloud Foundation must upgrade their components immediately. At IdealSolutions, our cybersecurity specialists assist companies in prioritizing patch deployment, validating patch effectiveness, and conducting follow-up vulnerability scans to confirm full remediation. Quantitative Breakdown of VMSA-2025-0013 Data These numbers show how significant the exposure is—especially for businesses relying on virtualized infrastructures or cloud-based hosting. VMSA-2025-0013 vs Previous VMware Advisories Unlike older advisories that targeted specific components (like vCenter or ESXi API), VMSA-2025-0013 impacts multiple subsystems at once—network, storage, and communication layers combined.Whereas past advisories focused on web-based vulnerabilities, this one dives deep into virtualization architectureitself. That’s why IdealSolutions treats it as a priority-level advisory—requiring both technical patching and strategic risk assessment. How IdealSolutions Helps You Respond to VMSA-2025-0013 Cybersecurity isn’t just about reacting—it’s about preventing and preparing.Here’s how IdealSolutions, a certified cybersecurity company in Pakistan, supports organizations globally: Our team, led by Zubair Khan (EC-Council Certified Ethical Hacker), has helped businesses in Pakistan, the USA, Spain, and Dubai secure mission-critical VMware systems before attackers could exploit them. Why VMSA-2025-0013 Matters to Every Business If your company relies on VMware virtualization—whether for cloud services, internal servers, or data storage—this advisory isn’t optional reading; it’s a call to action. The risk is not theoretical. Reports already show attempts to exploit these vulnerabilities in unpatched systems within weeks of release. Ignoring VMSA-2025-0013 could mean unauthorized access, data theft, or complete service disruption—something no business can afford. Final Thoughts Now you know about VMSA-2025-0013 and its impact on VMware systems. If you have any questions or want to avail penetration testing services with free consultancy, feel free to contact IdealSolutions—leading Pakistan cybersecurity firm. Additional Resources FAQ


While most people talk about three, there are actually seven primary hacker types recognized in cybersecurity: white, black, gray, red, blue, green, and yellow hat hackers. Each group serves a different purpose, from ethical defense to malicious attacks.

Cybersecurity vs cyber crime is not just a technical debate. It is the constant battle between defense and offense in the digital world. On one side, cybersecurity protects businesses, governments, and individuals. On the other side, cyber crime seeks to exploit, damage, and steal. At IdealSolutions, founded by Zubair Khan, one of Pakistan’s best ethical hackers, we specialize in penetration testing, ethical hacking, and cybercrime investigation. With operations in Pakistan, the USA, Spain, and Dubai, our goal is to defend organizations by anticipating how cyber criminals operate. Comparison Between Cybersecurity and Cyber Crime Aspect Cybersecurity (Defence View) Cyber Crime (Offense View) Stakeholder Ownership CISO, IT Ops, Legal and Compliance jointly — typically **3–5** stakeholders coordinate policy and funding. Loose networks: individual actors, criminal groups, or affiliates. Decision cycles measured in hours to days. Cost Structure CapEx + OpEx: tooling, staff, audits, training. Typical mid-market annual spend: **$50k–$300k** (varies by size). Low entry cost, high ROI model: one successful exploit funds multiple attacks. Tools often rented on marketplaces. Legal & Regulatory Impact Operates under laws, compliance frameworks, and audit trails. Actions documented for regulators and courts. Illegal by design; actors use anonymization and jurisdiction-hopping to evade law enforcement. Evidence & Forensics Readiness Logs, EDR traces, and preserved artifacts prepared for incident response and legal proceedings. Deliberately leaves deceptive traces, uses anti-forensic techniques and encrypted comms to hide attribution. KPIs & Success Metrics MTTR, vuln closure rate, % systems patched, mean time to detect (MTTD) — target reductions over quarters. Successful breach rate, time-to-payload, value extracted — measured in profit or access longevity. Automation vs Human Effort Heavy automation for detection; humans handle threat hunting, triage, and strategic response. Automation for scale (botnets), humans for targeted social engineering and complex intrusions. Attribution Difficulty Attribution aided by telemetry and cooperation with law enforcement; still often probabilistic. High obfuscation: proxies, TOR, false flags. Attribution commonly months to years, if ever. Insurance & Liability Policies require documented controls and regular testing to qualify; premiums tied to maturity. Perpetrators face criminal liability; monetization routes include extortion, resale, and laundering. Cross-Border Effects Global supply chain rules and data residency add layers of controls and jurisdictional workflows. Actors exploit weak jurisdictions, employ international hosting, and trade tools across borders. Marketplace & Ecosystem Defence market includes vendors, MSSPs, consultancies and training providers; procurement cycles are months. Underground marketplaces sell exploits, access, and credentials — payment and turnover measured in days. Typical Timeline from Discovery to Action Discovery → Triage → Patch/Contain → Validate; target closure often **30–90 days** depending on severity. Recon → Exploit → Persistence → Monetize; timeline can be minutes (automated) to weeks (targeted). Human Capital & Skillsets Security analysts, incident responders, threat hunters, and compliance specialists with certified training. Mixed skill levels: script kiddies to advanced persistent threat (APT) operators; often incentivized by profit. Public Perception & Communication Transparent incident communication and controlled disclosures preserve trust and regulatory standing. Actors aim to remain silent or make ransom demands; public exposure can be leveraged for pressure. Recovery & Business Continuity Role Integrates with BCP/DR: restore services, validate integrity, and resume operations with minimum downtime. Attackers often aim to maximize disruption to increase leverage or cover exfiltration time. Innovation & Adaptation Speed Measured updates: quarterly controls, continuous monitoring; adoption depends on budget and risk appetite. Rapid adaptation: exploit chaining and new toolkits circulate fast in underground communities. Secure my business with IdealSolutions Call +92 331 2721327 — Book a tailored assessment (B2B & B2C). Immediate consult available. 1. Cybersecurity Definition vs Cyber Crime Definition Cybersecurity is the practice of protecting networks, systems, and data using defensive tools, monitoring, and proactive measures.Cyber crime is the unlawful use of technology to exploit, steal, or damage systems, networks, and people. Key Difference: Cybersecurity is defense; cyber crime is offense. 2. Cybersecurity Objectives vs Cyber Crime Objectives Cybersecurity focuses on confidentiality, integrity, and availability of data.Cyber crime focuses on financial gain, disruption, or unauthorized access to sensitive information. Key Difference: One safeguards trust, while the other erodes it. 3. Cybersecurity Strategies vs Cyber Crime Strategies Cybersecurity strategies involve firewalls, encryption, penetration testing, and threat intelligence.Whereas cyber crime strategies involve phishing campaigns, ransomware deployment, and exploiting zero-day vulnerabilities. Key Difference: Security builds protection layers, crime looks for gaps in those layers. 4. Cybersecurity Techniques vs Cyber Crime Techniques Cybersecurity techniques include vulnerability scanning, red teaming, incident response, and patch management.Cyber crime techniques include malware injection, credential theft, and social engineering. Key Difference: One uses detection and prevention, the other uses deception and exploitation. 5. Cybersecurity Tools vs Cyber Crime Tools Cybersecurity relies on SIEM systems, intrusion detection, endpoint protection, and ethical hacking frameworks.On the other hand, cyber crime relies on exploit kits, keyloggers, and botnets. Key Difference: Tools of defense are transparent and accountable, while tools of crime are hidden and illegal. 6. Cybersecurity Threat Models vs Cyber Crime Threat Actors Cybersecurity threat models predict how attacks may happen and prepare defenses.Cyber crime threat actors are individuals, groups, or even state-backed hackers that execute real attacks. Key Difference: Models are designed to anticipate threats, actors are the ones carrying them out. 7. Cybersecurity Environment vs Cyber Crime Environment Cybersecurity operates in structured environments like corporate networks, critical infrastructure, and cloud services.Cyber crime operates in underground forums, dark web marketplaces, and exploited systems. Key Difference: One is lawful, regulated, and transparent; the other is hidden, unregulated, and unlawful. 8. Cybersecurity Risk Assessment vs Cyber Crime Execution Cybersecurity teams conduct risk assessments to find and fix weak points before attacks happen.Cyber criminals execute attacks by taking advantage of discovered or unpatched weaknesses. Key Difference: Assessment predicts and prevents, execution exploits and damages. 9. Cybersecurity Response vs Cyber Crime Impact Cybersecurity response includes incident reporting, digital forensics, and recovery plans.Cyber crime impact often results in data breaches, financial loss, reputational damage, and regulatory fines. Key Difference: Response mitigates harm, impact amplifies it. 10. Cybersecurity Growth vs Cyber Crime Growth The global cybersecurity market is projected to reach $250 billion+ by 2030.On the other hand, cyber crime damages are expected to cost the world $10.5 trillion annually by 2025. Key Difference: Cybersecurity grows as a shield, while cyber crime

جب ہم ڈیجیٹل دنیا میں قدم رکھتے ہیں، تو ایک سوال بار بار سامنے آتا ہے: سائبر سیکیورٹی کیا ہے؟یہ صرف ایک ٹیکنیکل اصطلاح نہیں، بلکہ آپ کے ڈیٹا، پرائیویسی، اور سسٹمز کی حفاظت کی پہلی دیوار ہے۔ IdealSolutions، جو کہ پاکستان کی نمایاں سائبر سیکیورٹی کمپنی ہے، سن 2016 سے اداروں، کاروباروں اور صارفین کو حملوں سے بچانے کے لیے مؤثر خدمات فراہم کر رہی ہے۔ ہم نے اپنی تجربے، مہارت، اور عالمی معیار کے ٹولز سے اس مضمون کو خاص آپ کے لیے تیار کیا ہے۔ سائبر سیکیورٹی کا مطلب کیا ہے؟ سائبر سیکیورٹی سے مراد وہ تمام اقدامات اور حکمت عملیاں ہیں جو ڈیجیٹل نظام، کمپیوٹر نیٹ ورکس، موبائل ایپلیکیشنز، ویب سائٹس اور ڈیٹا کو غیر مجاز رسائی، حملوں، یا نقصان سے بچانے کے لیے اختیار کی جاتی ہیں۔ یہ صرف ہیکرز سے تحفظ نہیں، بلکہ اس میں ڈیٹا انکرپشن، رسک مینجمنٹ، نیٹ ورک سیکیورٹی، اور یوزر اویئرنیس شامل ہوتی ہے۔جب ہم کہتے ہیں “سائبر سیکیورٹی” تو ہم دراصل ایک مکمل دفاعی فریم ورک کی بات کرتے ہیں۔ سائبر سیکیورٹی کی اہمیت کیوں ہے؟ کیونکہ جدید دور میں ہر ادارہ، چاہے وہ چھوٹا ہو یا بڑا، ڈیجیٹل انفراسٹرکچر پر انحصار کرتا ہے۔IdealSolutions کے مطابق، صرف 2023 میں دنیا بھر میں روزانہ 30,000 سے زائد سائبر حملے رپورٹ ہوئے۔ اب سوچیں، اگر آپ کی ویب سائٹ یا موبائل ایپ ہیک ہو جائے، یا آپ کا صارفین کا ڈیٹا لیک ہو جائے تو اس کے نتائج کیا ہوں گے؟معاشی نقصان، قانونی مسائل، کسٹمر ٹرسٹ کا خاتمہ — سب کچھ داؤ پر لگ جاتا ہے۔ سائبر سیکیورٹی کے فائدے کیا ہیں؟ سائبر سیکیورٹی کی اقسام کون کون سی ہیں؟ 1. نیٹ ورک سیکیورٹی: انٹرنیٹ، LAN یا WiFi نیٹ ورکس کو غیر مجاز رسائی سے بچانا۔2. ایپلیکیشن سیکیورٹی: موبائل یا ویب ایپلیکیشنز میں کوڈنگ لیول پر سیکیورٹی نافذ کرنا۔3. انفارمیشن سیکیورٹی: ڈیٹا کی رازداری، سالمیت اور دستیابی کو یقینی بنانا۔4. کلاؤڈ سیکیورٹی: کلاؤڈ سرورز اور سروسز (جیسے AWS، Azure) کو محفوظ بنانا۔5. اینڈپوائنٹ سیکیورٹی: ڈیسک ٹاپ، لیپ ٹاپ، موبائل اور دیگر ڈیوائسز کی حفاظت۔6. سوشل انجینیئرنگ ڈیفنس: جعلی ای میلز یا فون کالز جیسے فراڈ سے بچاؤ۔ سائبر کرائم کیا ہوتا ہے؟ سائبر کرائم سے مراد وہ تمام غیر قانونی ڈیجیٹل سرگرمیاں ہیں جن کا مقصد نقصان پہنچانا ہو۔اس میں شامل ہیں: IdealSolutions سائبر کرائم کے خلاف نہ صرف مشاورت فراہم کرتی ہے بلکہ FIA جیسے اداروں کے ساتھ مل کر کئی مقدمات میں تعاون کر چکی ہے۔ سائبر سیکیورٹی کی مثالیں — حقیقی دنیا سے مثال 1: اگر کوئی آپ کی ویب سائٹ پر SQL Injection کرتا ہے اور ڈیٹا بیس سے صارفین کا ریکارڈ چوری کرتا ہے — یہ ہیکنگ ہے۔ مثال 2: اگر IdealSolutions جیسے ماہرین وقت سے پہلے اس کمزوری کو تلاش کر لیں اور پیج انپٹ کو محفوظ بنا دیں — یہ سائبر سیکیورٹی ہے۔ مثال 3: کسی جعلی ای میل کے ذریعے آپ کا پاسورڈ حاصل کر لینا سوشل انجینیئرنگ ہے۔ اس سے بچاؤ کے لیے یوزر ایجوکیشن ضروری ہے۔ پاکستان میں سائبر سیکیورٹی کی موجودہ صورتحال پاکستان میں سائبر حملے تیزی سے بڑھ رہے ہیں، جبکہ ادارے ابھی بھی سائبر سیکیورٹی کو ایک اضافی خرچ سمجھتے ہیں۔IdealSolutions نے کئی معروف اداروں کے لیے پینیٹریشن ٹیسٹنگ، ویب سیکیورٹی آڈٹ، اور ٹریننگ فراہم کی ہے، جس سے نہ صرف ڈیٹا محفوظ ہوا بلکہ بین الاقوامی معیارات پر بھی پورا اترا گیا۔ IdealSolutions کیسے مدد کرتا ہے؟ ہماری ٹیم نہ صرف EC-Council سے سرٹیفائیڈ ہے، بلکہ ہمارا ہیڈ آفس اسلام آباد، سینٹورس کے قریب واقع ہے، جہاں سے ہم پاکستان سمیت دنیا بھر میں سروس فراہم کر رہے ہیں۔ اگر آپ یہ جاننا چاہتے ہیں کہ آپ کا سسٹم کتنا محفوظ ہے، تو اب وقت ہے کہ IdealSolutions سے رابطہ کریں اور اپنے ڈیجیٹل اثاثوں کو محفوظ بنائیں۔ آخری خیالات We hope now you are aware about cybersecurity in urdu! If you have any questions or enquiries, feel free to contact IdealSolutions cyber security company Pakistan. اضافی وسائل FAQ


No, they are not the same. NR3C operated under the FIA until 2025, whereas NCCIA is a new, independent body established to replace it with greater authority and focus in cyber crime.

Information Security vs Cybersecurity—sounds similar, right? But here’s the catch: confusing the two could cost your business big time. These terms are thrown around like twins, yet they’re not the same. One protects all information, while the other guards your digital world. At IdealSolutions, we’ve seen companies mix them up—and pay for it. So, if you’re serious about protecting your data, you need to know the real difference.. What Is the Core Difference Between Information Security and Cybersecurity? the core difference between information security and cybersecurity is that Information security (InfoSec) protects all forms of data—whether it’s physical, digital, printed, or even spoken. Cybersecurity, on the other hand, focuses solely on protecting digital systems and networks from unauthorized access, attacks, or damage. Think of InfoSec as a big umbrella, and cybersecurity as one of its most important spokes. Aspect Information Security Cybersecurity What It Protects All types of data—digital, paper-based, verbal, physical media. Only digital data, networks, devices, systems, and infrastructure. Focus Area Data confidentiality, availability, and integrity across all formats. Prevention of unauthorized access, attacks, and breaches on systems. Real-World Example Locking a physical file cabinet, securing verbal conversations, encrypting USB drives. Installing firewalls, patching software, defending against phishing attacks. Career Entry Path Ideal for those into compliance, policy-making, and data privacy. Great for people into tech, coding, ethical hacking, and real-time threat handling. Who Usually Needs It Organizations with sensitive info—banks, law firms, hospitals. Any business with online systems—eCommerce, SaaS, cloud providers. Nature of Threats Insider threats, human errors, policy gaps, physical breaches. Hackers, malware, ransomware, denial-of-service (DoS) attacks. Tools Used Risk management frameworks, encryption policies, data classification systems. Firewalls, IDS/IPS, threat intelligence platforms, endpoint protection. Skills Required Understanding of laws, compliance standards, data handling policies. Network defense, scripting, vulnerability assessment, hands-on tools. Compliance Role High—aligns with GDPR, HIPAA, ISO 27001, data retention laws. Medium—aligns with technical aspects of those same regulations. Job Examples Data Privacy Officer, Compliance Analyst, Information Security Manager. SOC Analyst, Cybersecurity Engineer, Penetration Tester, Red Team Member. Salary Range Stable income—often lower ceiling but steady demand in regulated industries. Higher starting salaries—especially in ethical hacking and threat hunting. Training and Certifications CISM, CISA, ISO 27001 Lead Auditor. CEH, OSCP, CISSP, CompTIA Security+. Day-to-Day Tasks Creating policies, auditing access, running awareness sessions. Responding to threats, updating software, simulating attacks, monitoring logs. End-User Interaction Often educates users, defines rules and responsibilities. Rarely user-facing—focused more on systems and back-end defense. Tech Dependency Can operate with limited technology—focuses more on process and documentation. Highly tech-driven—relies on digital tools and platforms. Overlap Zone When policies protect digital data (e.g., data encryption policies). When technical tools enforce those policies (e.g., encryption software). Target Outcome Trust, compliance, legal protection, and organizational accountability. Operational security, breach prevention, and system reliability. Best Fit For Organizations looking to handle data with care, especially in sensitive sectors. Businesses wanting to avoid attacks and technical downtime. 1. Definition vs Application Scope 2. Primary Focus: Data vs Systems 3. Threat Actors: Internal vs External 4. Tasks and Responsibilities 5. Job Titles: Which Roles Fall Under Each? 6. Job Market and Salary Comparison 7. Educational Background and Skillset 8. Compliance vs Defense Approach 9. Overlap Between Information Security and Cybersecurity There is significant overlap, especially when it comes to digital data. For instance: 10. Industry-Specific Usage 11. Tools and Frameworks Used 12. End Goal: Trust vs Availability Which one is Better Cybersecurity or Information Security? Use Case / Scenario Better Fit Why This Makes More Sense Building a secure government or healthcare system Information Security Focuses on total data protection—physical and digital—which is crucial for compliance-heavy environments. Protecting a cloud-based tech startup from online attacks Cybersecurity Startups operate online; cybersecurity handles real-time threats and cloud vulnerabilities directly. Planning a career with long-term stability in policy and governance Information Security It offers roles in audits, compliance, and data governance—less volatile and more predictable. Choosing a high-paying, tech-driven job with fast growth Cybersecurity Cybersecurity jobs often command higher salaries due to the urgent demand for threat response. Designing a data strategy for a law firm Information Security Law firms need to protect physical documents, case files, and private information—not just digital assets. Defending a bank’s internal servers and ATMs from hackers Cybersecurity It directly addresses digital intrusions, malware, and cyber threats targeting infrastructure. Working in a role that blends IT, legal, and compliance work Information Security It integrates policy, risk, and privacy laws—ideal for hybrid career paths. Joining a fast-paced job with live threat monitoring and ethical hacking Cybersecurity These roles demand hands-on skills and real-time response—perfect for fast learners and tech lovers. Launching a consulting firm helping companies become ISO certified Information Security ISO 27001 and similar standards fall under InfoSec—they require documentation, audits, and governance. Creating anti-ransomware tools or security apps Cybersecurity Cybersecurity is product-focused and aligned with software, development, and rapid innovation. Managing privacy of printed medical records and storage rooms Information Security Goes beyond digital—it secures any form of patient data, including physical files. Preventing unauthorized access to a company’s Wi-Fi, servers, or emails Cybersecurity This is squarely a tech problem—handled best by network monitoring and intrusion tools. Becoming a security officer in a multinational company Information Security These roles are high-level, strategic, and focus on aligning business and security policies. Working in offensive security (ethical hacking, red teaming) Cybersecurity Offensive roles demand deep technical understanding of exploits, networks, and tools like Metasploit. Choosing the right path for a non-technical background Information Security Less technical, often policy- and documentation-focused, suitable for legal or management backgrounds. Need for automated, real-time protection of online customer transactions Cybersecurity Real-time defense mechanisms, anomaly detection, and monitoring are core to cybersecurity. Securing information in both small businesses and large corporations Both—Depends on Context Small firms may benefit more from InfoSec policies, while large orgs often need a dedicated cyber defense team. Final Thoughts Now you know the differences between both. Still, If you have any questions or want to avail cybersecurity services with free consultancy, feel free to contact IdealSolutions

Cyber security weaknesses in Pakistani ride-hailing apps are now more than just tech issues — they’re real threats to millions of users across Pakistan. From stolen identities to leaked driver licenses, the stakes are dangerously high. And this isn’t just theory — IdealSolutions has mapped these risks using real data, real breaches, and real examples. Here’s what every user, developer, and company needs to know. Data of Cyber Breaches in Pakistani Ride-hailing Apps App Name Year Type of Breach Exposed Data Estimated Impact Careem 2018 Unauthorized Access Usernames, Emails, Trip History 14+ Million Users Bykea 2020 Open Server (Misconfiguration) CNICs, Driver Licenses, Phone Numbers 400+ Million Records Bykea 2023 Third-Party App Hijack App Messaging Abused Millions Affected Indirectly 1. Unprotected Databases and Servers The most dangerous cyber security weakness in Pakistani ride-hailing apps is leaving massive databases wide open. The Bykea 2020 breach is a perfect example: 400 million+ records were exposed just because of an unprotected Elasticsearch server. These included full names, phone numbers, CNICs, and even internal logins. That’s not just sloppy — that’s a goldmine for cybercriminals. 2. Delayed Breach Disclosure Another severe weakness is how late companies respond after discovering a breach. The Careem data breach in 2018? It affected over 14 million users — but users were informed two months after the breach was discovered. That delay? It gave attackers a head start, and users lost valuable time to protect themselves. 3. Insecure Third-Party Tools The weakness doesn’t always come from the app’s own code. Sometimes, it sneaks in from a third-party service. In 2023, Bykea sent abusive messages to users. Why? Because a third-party communication tool got compromised. With over 10 million users affected, it showed how one weak link can shake the whole chain. 4. Lack of End-to-End Encryption Many Pakistani ride-hailing apps still lack full end-to-end encryption. That means sensitive data like pickup/drop-off locations and customer details can be intercepted mid-transit. In a country where digital safety isn’t always a priority, this is a big hole in the system. 5. Weak Internal Credential Storage Think your data is safe just because it’s stored inside a company? Think again. Bykea’s 2020 breach revealed that employee usernames and passwords were saved in plain text. That’s like locking a safe and then taping the key to the front. 6. Insufficient User Verification Protocols Without proper verification, accounts become easy to hijack. Most ride-hailing platforms in Pakistan use basic two-step authentication — but that’s often not enough. Hijacked accounts can be used to scam riders, drivers, or even collect sensitive location data. 7. Poor Data Anonymization Practices Ride history data — where you went, where you came from — is deeply personal. But these apps store it all in identifiable form. When Careem was breached, entire trip histories were exposed. That’s not just personal. That’s a safety risk. 8. Weak Incident Response Framework How quickly a company reacts to a cyber attack says everything about its preparedness. Sadly, many Pakistani ride-hailing apps still don’t have a formal incident response team. That means confusion, delay, and often, zero accountability. 9. Reduced Investment in Cybersecurity Because of economic pressure, companies are cutting down on security investments. A 2023 survey by Mohafiz Incident Monitoring Cell found that 83% of users prioritize safety over cost savings. Yet, companies are doing the opposite — cutting corners when they should be locking doors. 10. Reputational Damage Ignored Cyber security weaknesses in Pakistani ride-hailing apps aren’t just about tech failures. They’re about trust. When Bykea’s users got spammed with abusive messages in 2023, no official apology or compensation followed. This silence hurts user trust, and once lost, trust is very hard to regain. Final Thoughts Now you are aware of cyber issues in Pakistani ride hailing apps. Still, If you have any questions or want to avail cyber security services with free consultancy, feel free to contact IdealSolutions PK cyber security company. Additional Resources Frequently Asked Questions

So, let’s break it down. Here are main types of cyber security, each playing a unique role in defending your digital assets. 1. Network Security – A Foundational Type of Cyber Security Network security protects your internal systems from external threats like unauthorized access, data breaches, and DDoS attacks. Whether you’re running an enterprise network or a home router, this is your first line of defense. Subtypes of Network Security: 2. Application Security – One of the Most Targeted Types of Cyber Security Cybercriminals love weak apps. Application security protects your software—from web apps to APIs—by scanning and patching code-level vulnerabilities. Subtypes of Application Security: 3. Endpoint Security – Securing Every Device on the Grid Every device you use—mobile, laptop, tablet—is an endpoint. Endpoint security protects these devices from malware, spyware, or remote access tools (RATs). Subtypes of Endpoint Security: 4. Cloud Security – A Critical Type of Cyber Security in 2025 With everything moving to the cloud, cloud security is now more vital than ever. It safeguards your apps, workloads, and storage from threats specific to cloud environments. Subtypes of Cloud Security: 5. Data Security – Protecting the Real Asset: Information Data security is all about keeping your sensitive data safe—whether it’s stored, shared, or in motion. It focuses on encryption, backups, and access control. Subtypes of Data Security: 6. Identity and Access Management (IAM) – Control Who Gets In IAM is a type of cyber security that ensures only the right people get the right level of access at the right time. It’s key for managing internal access threats. Subtypes of IAM: 7. Artificial Intelligence Security – The Future of Cyber Defense AI doesn’t just power attacks—it powers defenses too. AI security uses algorithms to detect threats before they become disasters. Subtypes of AI Security: 8. IoT Security – Protecting Smart Devices, Big and Small IoT security protects connected devices—from smart bulbs to industrial machines. With every new IoT device, you create a new attack surface. Subtypes of IoT Security: 9. Mobile Device Security – When Phones Are Your Office Smartphones are gateways to your emails, passwords, banking apps, and more. Mobile security prevents malware, tracking, and unauthorized access. Subtypes of Mobile Security: 10. Supply Chain Security – A Rising Type of Cyber Security Risk Attackers now target your vendors, tools, and third-party providers. Supply chain security addresses these hidden risks in modern digital ecosystems. Subtypes of Supply Chain Security: 11. Cryptocurrency Security – Guarding Your Digital Assets With crypto adoption rising, crypto security is more critical than ever. It protects wallets, exchanges, and blockchain protocols. Subtypes of Cryptocurrency Security: 12. Critical Infrastructure Security – Power, Water, and Cyber Defense Critical infrastructure cyber security protects national systems like power grids, water plants, and transportation from attacks that can cripple a nation. Subtypes of Critical Infrastructure Security: 13. Operational Technology (OT) Security – When Machines Need Firewalls OT security protects physical processes controlled by technology—especially in factories, energy grids, and hospitals. Subtypes of OT Security: 14. Social Engineering Defense – Human-Centric Cyber Security No firewall stops a careless click. Social engineering protection teaches and defends against phishing, baiting, and fake calls. Subtypes of Social Engineering Defense: 15. Deepfake Detection Security – Don’t Trust Every Video You See Fake videos, voices, and identities are now possible with AI. This type of cyber security identifies AI-generated content to prevent misinformation and fraud. Subtypes of Deepfake Security: 16. DNS Security – Where Internet Traffic Gets Hijacked DNS is how the web works. But it’s also how attackers redirect traffic, spoof domains, or steal credentials. Subtypes of DNS Security: 17. Quantum Computing Security Quantum computers can break today’s encryption. This future-proof type of cyber security explores quantum-resistant algorithms. Subtypes of Quantum Cyber Security: 18. Behavioral Analytics Security – Watching Patterns, Not Just Passwords Instead of relying only on credentials, this type of security tracks how users behave, like typing speed, login timing, and mouse movement. Subtypes of Behavioral Analytics: 19. Browser Security – Guarding Your Daily Internet Activity Every time you click a link, you expose your system. Browser security keeps your digital window safe. Subtypes of Browser Security: 20. Zero Trust Security – Never Trust, Always Verify One of the most trending types of cyber security today, Zero Trust assumes breach by default. Everyone is verified—even insiders. Subtypes of Zero Trust Security: Final Thoughts These were some major types of cyber security, that you are aware of, and IdealSolutions, excels in it. If you have any questions or want to avail cyber security services with free consultancy, feel free to contact IdealSolutions PK cyber security company. Additional Resources Frequently Asked Questions